Anorexia nervosa

DISEASE AND ITS PREVENTION
Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa (usually just called anorexia) is an eating disorder. People with anorexia think that they are fat, or desperately fear becoming fat even if they are very skinny. To try to lose weight, anorexics do not eat enough. When they do eat, they do not eat the amount of food their body needs, in an effort to avoid gaining weight. This causes them to lose too much weight too quickly. This is very harmful to a person's body.
Diagnosis

Doctors use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to make a medical diagnosis and decide if a person has anorexia or not. Four signs of anorexia are listed in the manual. People do not have to show all four signs for the doctor to decide that they have anorexia.

Signs of anorexia

People with anorexia do not want to keep a body weight and BMI that is normal for their age and height.
People with anorexia think that they are fat. They are afraid of gaining weight.
People with anorexia have low self-esteem because of the shape or weight of their body. Also, they do not think that low body weight is a problem.
Women with anorexia have not had three periods in a row (one period is sometimes called a menstrual cycle). They also must make sure the woman is not pregnant and has not had their periods stop permanently due to their age, which is called menopause.

Two different types of anorexia

Restricting Type. People with this type of anorexia do not use vomiting or drugs to lose weight. They do not eat too much at one time (binge eating).
Binge-Eating Type or Purging Type: The person eats too much at one time (called a binge) and then gets rid of it (called a purge) by vomiting, using laxatives, or exercising too much.

Symptoms of anorexia

Rapid, unexplained weight loss
Refusal to maintain a healthy weight
Low self-esteem and distorted self image
Frequent weighing, "body-checking", or negative comments on appearance
Amenorrhoea, the loss of menstrual periods
Low body temperature
Low pulse, blood sugar and blood pressure
Depression

Dangers of anorexia

Total self-starvation
Heart attack or heart failure
Kidney failure
Electrolyte imbalance
Muscle and organ damage (when the body has no fat to live off of, it begins to digest muscle and tissue)